There are many examples of all stars who played together and did not work well. You mentioned Harden , Westbrook and Durant. No that chemistry did not work. If it had worked Harden would still be in OKC. And OKC would have a dynasty. Wade with Lebron had better chemistry than Irving and Lebron.
Other recent examples:
Butler-Rondo
Carmelo-D. Rose-
Carmelo-Studemire
Carmelo-Iverson (Nuggets)
Kevin Love With Lebron
Le Marcus Aldridge with Leonard( Do you think they fit with eachtoher?)
Let me remind you that all these trades/transactions were made with the highest ambitions of their teams who purchased them.
What?
Harden, KD, and Russ did work on the basketball court (They went to the finals for goodness sake!). They broke up due to financial reasons, not basketball reasons and as for the other examples.
1. Butler-Rondo: Rondo is washed and isn't a star in 2017.
2. Carmelo-Rose: Same thing, 2017 Rose isn't 2011 Rose. If this was 2011 Rose paired with Melo, it would have worked out better.
3. Carmelo-Stoudemire: Again, Amare's knees gave out in their full year run.
4. Carmelo-Iverson: This actually did work, Nuggets won 50 games for the first time.
5. Kevin Love-Lebron: They just won a championship the year before.
6. Aldridge and Leonard: They are coming off back to back 60 wins seasons.
The OP is right, the one-ball argument is exaggerated. Talent usually wins out over fit.