Top 100 Players According to HNI - Average of BPM, VORP, EPM, Est Wins, LEBRON, GmScPM and Total GmSc
Posted: Mon Dec 23, 2024 12:39 pm
HNI (Huge Nerd Index) is originally coined by ESPN's Tim MacMahon.
HNI*, or every NBA player with 200+ minutes in 2024-25, sorted by the AVERAGE OF THEIR RANKS in 7 catch-alls (BPM, VORP, EPM, Estimated Wins, LEBRON, GmScPM and Total GmSc).
1. Nikola Jokić (1.3)
2. Shai Gilgeous-Alexander (1.9)
3. Giannis Antetokounmpo (3.9)
4. Jayson Tatum (6.3)
5. Luka Dončić (7.3)
6. Franz Wagner (8.1)
6. Anthony Davis (8.1)
8. Domantas Sabonis (8.4)
9. Karl-Anthony Towns (10.6)
10. Victor Wembanyama (10.9)
11. Alperen Şengün (13.1)
12. Jalen Williams (15.1)
13. Jaren Jackson Jr. (19.0)
14. James Harden (20.4)
14. Jalen Brunson (20.4)
16. Stephen Curry (22.3)
17. Jimmy Butler (24.0)
18. Nikola Vučević (25.6)
18. Evan Mobley (25.6)
20. Derrick White (27.0)
21. Kyrie Irving (27.7)
22. Donovan Mitchell (28.7)
23. Payton Pritchard (28.9)
24. LaMelo Ball (29.0)
24. Damian Lillard (29.0)
26. Anthony Edwards (31.0)
27. Devin Booker (32.1)
28. Tyler Herro (35.3)
29. Darius Garland (36.0)
30. Ja Morant (37.6)
31. Jarrett Allen (38.7)
32. Cade Cunningham (39.1)
33. De'Aaron Fox (41.9)
34. Cameron Johnson (42.3)
35. Santi Aldama (43.4)
36. Tyrese Haliburton (44.6)
37. Norman Powell (45.6)
38. Kevin Durant (46.9)
39. LeBron James (47.0)
40. Ty Jerome (49.0)
41. Josh Hart (49.3)
42. Ivica Zubac (50.4)
43. Scottie Barnes (51.6)
44. Moritz Wagner (51.9)
45. Tari Eason (55.6)
46. Caris LeVert (56.4)
47. Fred VanVleet (58.0)
47. Julius Randle (58.0)
49. Bam Adebayo (58.7)
50. Chris Paul (58.9)
51. Goga Bitadze (60.7)
52. Jalen Johnson (63.1)
53. Tyrese Maxey (64.0)
53. Pascal Siakam (64.0)
55. Amen Thompson (64.4)
56. Andrew Wiggins (65.3)
57. DeMar DeRozan (65.9)
58. Daniel Gafford (66.0)
59. Dereck Lively II (66.4)
60. Trae Young (69.0)
61. Walker Kessler (71.0)
62. Chet Holmgren (74.3)
63. John Collins (75.3)
64. Malik Monk (75.4)
65. Jaylen Brown (80.3)
66. OG Anunoby (83.0)
67. Jay Huff (85.6)
67. Tyus Jones (85.6)
69. Royce O'Neale (85.9)
70. Lauri Markkanen (86.3)
71. Rudy Gobert (87.7)
72. Zach LaVine (88.3)
72. Michael Porter Jr. (88.3)
74. RJ Barrett (88.9)
74. Clint Capela (88.9)
76. Jalen Suggs (89.3)
77. Paul George (93.7)
78. Desmond Bane (94.0)
79. T.J. McConnell (96.4)
80. Kristaps Porziņģis (96.7)
81. Isaiah Hartenstein (97.0)
82. Dennis Schröder (97.7)
83. Jakob Poeltl (97.9)
84. P.J. Washington (98.3)
85. Jeremy Sochan (99.6)
86. Jamal Murray (100.4)
87. Jake LaRavia (101.0)
88. Malik Beasley (101.3)
89. Cam Thomas (103.6)
90. Luguentz Dort (104.0)
91. Luke Kornet (106.1)
92. De'Andre Hunter (106.3)
93. Mike Conley (109.1)
94. Buddy Hield (109.9)
95. Brandon Miller (110.0)
96. Scotty Pippen Jr. (110.7)
97. Klay Thompson (111.1)
98. Christian Braun (112.7)
99. Nickeil Alexander-Walker (113.9)
99. Russell Westbrook (113.9)
101. Zach Edey (115.1)
102. Mikal Bridges (115.6)
103. Cameron Payne (115.7)
104. Brandon Clarke (116.0)
105. Kris Dunn (117.7)
105. Jrue Holiday (117.7)
107. Brook Lopez (118.7)
108. Josh Giddey (119.4)
109. Wendell Carter Jr. (120.0)
110. Austin Reaves (120.9)
111. Obi Toppin (121.0)
111. Kevon Looney (121.0)
113. Nic Claxton (122.0)
114. Miles McBride (122.1)
115. Al Horford (122.3)
116. Jalen Green (124.0)
117. Naz Reid (124.9)
118. Dyson Daniels (125.1)
119. Bobby Portis (126.0)
120. Talen Horton-Tucker (126.3)
121. Dorian Finney-Smith (127.1)
122. Jalen Smith (128.3)
123. Draymond Green (128.4)
124. Naji Marshall (129.3)
125. Sam Hauser (129.4)
126. Jonas Valančiūnas (130.0)
126. Aaron Gordon (130.0)
128. Dalano Banton (130.6)
129. Cason Wallace (130.7)
130. Trayce Jackson-Davis (130.9)
131. Jonathan Isaac (131.9)
132. Jordan Poole (134.0)
133. Jared McCain (136.7)
133. Aaron Wiggins (136.7)
135. Jabari Smith Jr. (137.0)
136. Keon Ellis (137.1)
137. Kenrich Williams (140.3)
138. Isaiah Joe (141.6)
139. Julian Champagnie (142.3)
140. Tobias Harris (142.9)
141. Jalen Duren (146.7)
142. Quentin Grimes (147.6)
143. Kyle Anderson (148.3)
144. Justin Champagnie (148.9)
145. Chris Boucher (149.4)
146. Miles Bridges (150.1)
146. Dillon Brooks (150.1)
148. Marcus Sasser (150.3)
148. Isaac Okoro (150.3)
150. Nick Richards (152.3)
151. Brandon Ingram (153.1)
152. Ochai Agbaji (153.3)
152. Spencer Dinwiddie (153.3)
152. Onyeka Okongwu (153.3)
155. Luke Kennard (153.9)
155. Malcolm Brogdon (153.9)
157. Alex Caruso (156.6)
158. Josh Okogie (157.6)
159. Nikola Jović (158.1)
160. Coby White (159.1)
161. Deni Avdija (160.4)
162. Amir Coffey (161.3)
163. Ben Simmons (161.6)
164. Gary Payton II (162.6)
165. Derrick Jones Jr. (162.7)
166. Jaden Ivey (163.0)
167. Jaylen Wells (163.7)
168. Gradey Dick (164.0)
169. Myles Turner (164.3)
170. Trey Murphy III (166.3)
171. Grayson Allen (166.6)
172. Anfernee Simons (168.9)
173. Marcus Smart (169.7)
174. Jaden McDaniels (170.3)
175. Bradley Beal (170.9)
176. Isaiah Stewart (171.3)
177. D'Angelo Russell (171.7)
178. Devin Vassell (172.7)
179. Kentavious Caldwell-Pope (173.3)
180. Cody Martin (174.0)
181. Rui Hachimura (174.3)
182. Jerami Grant (174.4)
183. Zach Collins (175.1)
184. Jonathan Kuminga (176.0)
185. CJ McCollum (176.4)
186. Duncan Robinson (177.1)
187. Collin Sexton (178.3)
188. Dean Wade (178.7)
189. Monte Morris (179.1)
190. Ayo Dosunmu (179.4)
191. Guerschon Yabusele (180.1)
192. Kelly Oubre Jr. (180.7)
193. Jose Alvarado (181.9)
194. Donovan Clingan (182.1)
195. Jonathan Mogbo (183.0)
196. Jamison Battle (184.9)
196. Keegan Murray (184.9)
198. Haywood Highsmith (185.3)
199. Harrison Barnes (185.7)
200. Deandre Ayton (186.3)
201. Neemias Queta (187.0)
202. Kevin Huerter (187.4)
203. Bennedict Mathurin (188.6)
204. Brandon Boston Jr. (190.3)
205. Donte DiVincenzo (190.6)
206. Dru Smith (190.9)
206. Georges Niang (190.9)
208. Peyton Watson (194.6)
209. Sam Merrill (195.0)
210. Andre Drummond (195.9)
211. Jared Butler (198.9)
212. Nicolas Batum (200.0)
213. Brandin Podziemski (200.4)
214. Toumani Camara (202.1)
215. A.J. Green (202.4)
216. Garrison Mathews (205.1)
217. Shaedon Sharpe (206.7)
218. Mason Plumlee (208.4)
219. Drew Eubanks (208.6)
220. Keldon Johnson (208.9)
221. Andrew Nembhard (210.0)
222. Moussa Diabaté (210.6)
222. Jordan Clarkson (210.6)
224. KJ Martin (213.0)
225. Ricky Council IV (214.9)
226. Kyle Filipowski (215.6)
227. Jusuf Nurkić (216.7)
228. Anthony Black (217.0)
229. Dalton Knecht (217.3)
230. Taurean Prince (218.6)
231. Quenton Jackson (220.4)
231. Yves Missi (220.4)
233. Terance Mann (221.0)
234. Grant Williams (221.4)
235. Kyle Lowry (224.0)
236. David Roddy (224.3)
237. Shake Milton (224.7)
238. Jaime Jaquez Jr. (224.9)
239. Pelle Larsson (225.3)
240. Terry Rozier (225.4)
241. Tre Mann (226.9)
242. Cole Anthony (228.0)
243. Bogdan Bogdanović (228.1)
243. Dejounte Murray (228.1)
245. Bilal Coulibaly (230.4)
246. Lindy Waters III (231.3)
247. Seth Curry (232.1)
248. Ajay Mitchell (233.7)
249. Trendon Watford (237.0)
250. Jeremiah Robinson-Earl (237.3)
251. Trey Lyles (239.9)
252. Gary Harris (241.3)
252. Max Christie (241.3)
254. Ziaire Williams (242.4)
255. Tristan Da Silva (244.1)
256. Brice Sensabaugh (244.3)
257. Zaccharie Risacher (245.3)
258. Herbert Jones (245.9)
259. Oso Ighodaro (246.4)
260. Moses Moody (247.4)
261. Keyonte George (247.7)
262. Kevin Porter Jr. (249.4)
263. Ryan Dunn (249.6)
264. Kris Murray (250.0)
264. Gary Trent Jr. (250.0)
266. Julian Strawther (250.9)
267. Davion Mitchell (253.1)
268. Stephon Castle (253.7)
269. Jamal Cain (253.9)
269. Noah Clowney (253.9)
271. Jalen Wilson (254.1)
272. Julian Phillips (257.1)
273. Jarace Walker (259.9)
273. Matas Buzelis (259.9)
275. Reed Sheppard (260.0)
275. Delon Wright (260.0)
277. Pat Connaughton (260.3)
278. Tim Hardaway Jr. (262.9)
279. Alex Sarr (263.0)
280. Patrick Williams (264.3)
281. Jett Howard (264.9)
282. Javonte Green (266.1)
283. Malaki Branham (266.7)
284. Cam Reddish (267.0)
285. Jordan Miller (268.4)
286. Ron Holland (269.9)
287. Blake Wesley (270.0)
288. Ben Sheppard (270.3)
289. Jericho Sims (270.7)
290. Simone Fontecchio (271.0)
291. Josh Green (271.7)
292. Andre Jackson Jr. (272.6)
293. Caleb Martin (273.0)
294. Dalen Terry (274.7)
295. Daniel Theis (275.0)
296. Johnny Juzang (276.6)
297. Rayan Rupert (277.6)
298. Eric Gordon (278.0)
299. Jabari Walker (280.4)
300. Corey Kispert (282.4)
301. Scoot Henderson (282.7)
302. Kyle Kuzma (282.9)
303. Ja'Kobe Walter (284.4)
304. Jordan Hawkins (290.0)
305. Carlton Carrington (293.4)
306. Tidjane Salaün (293.9)
307. Vasilije Micić (294.9)
308. Jaden Hardy (295.7)
309. Kyshawn George (296.7)
310. Jamal Shead (299.1)
310. Keon Johnson (299.1)
312. Gabe Vincent (305.1)
313. Maxi Kleber (305.3)
314. Cody Williams (306.3)
315. Isaiah Collier (310.3)
HNI*, or every NBA player with 200+ minutes in 2024-25, sorted by the AVERAGE OF THEIR RANKS in 7 catch-alls (BPM, VORP, EPM, Estimated Wins, LEBRON, GmScPM and Total GmSc).
1. Nikola Jokić (1.3)
2. Shai Gilgeous-Alexander (1.9)
3. Giannis Antetokounmpo (3.9)
4. Jayson Tatum (6.3)
5. Luka Dončić (7.3)
6. Franz Wagner (8.1)
6. Anthony Davis (8.1)
8. Domantas Sabonis (8.4)
9. Karl-Anthony Towns (10.6)
10. Victor Wembanyama (10.9)
11. Alperen Şengün (13.1)
12. Jalen Williams (15.1)
13. Jaren Jackson Jr. (19.0)
14. James Harden (20.4)
14. Jalen Brunson (20.4)
16. Stephen Curry (22.3)
17. Jimmy Butler (24.0)
18. Nikola Vučević (25.6)
18. Evan Mobley (25.6)
20. Derrick White (27.0)
21. Kyrie Irving (27.7)
22. Donovan Mitchell (28.7)
23. Payton Pritchard (28.9)
24. LaMelo Ball (29.0)
24. Damian Lillard (29.0)
26. Anthony Edwards (31.0)
27. Devin Booker (32.1)
28. Tyler Herro (35.3)
29. Darius Garland (36.0)
30. Ja Morant (37.6)
31. Jarrett Allen (38.7)
32. Cade Cunningham (39.1)
33. De'Aaron Fox (41.9)
34. Cameron Johnson (42.3)
35. Santi Aldama (43.4)
36. Tyrese Haliburton (44.6)
37. Norman Powell (45.6)
38. Kevin Durant (46.9)
39. LeBron James (47.0)
40. Ty Jerome (49.0)
41. Josh Hart (49.3)
42. Ivica Zubac (50.4)
43. Scottie Barnes (51.6)
44. Moritz Wagner (51.9)
45. Tari Eason (55.6)
46. Caris LeVert (56.4)
47. Fred VanVleet (58.0)
47. Julius Randle (58.0)
49. Bam Adebayo (58.7)
50. Chris Paul (58.9)
51. Goga Bitadze (60.7)
52. Jalen Johnson (63.1)
53. Tyrese Maxey (64.0)
53. Pascal Siakam (64.0)
55. Amen Thompson (64.4)
56. Andrew Wiggins (65.3)
57. DeMar DeRozan (65.9)
58. Daniel Gafford (66.0)
59. Dereck Lively II (66.4)
60. Trae Young (69.0)
61. Walker Kessler (71.0)
62. Chet Holmgren (74.3)
63. John Collins (75.3)
64. Malik Monk (75.4)
65. Jaylen Brown (80.3)
66. OG Anunoby (83.0)
67. Jay Huff (85.6)
67. Tyus Jones (85.6)
69. Royce O'Neale (85.9)
70. Lauri Markkanen (86.3)
71. Rudy Gobert (87.7)
72. Zach LaVine (88.3)
72. Michael Porter Jr. (88.3)
74. RJ Barrett (88.9)
74. Clint Capela (88.9)
76. Jalen Suggs (89.3)
77. Paul George (93.7)
78. Desmond Bane (94.0)
79. T.J. McConnell (96.4)
80. Kristaps Porziņģis (96.7)
81. Isaiah Hartenstein (97.0)
82. Dennis Schröder (97.7)
83. Jakob Poeltl (97.9)
84. P.J. Washington (98.3)
85. Jeremy Sochan (99.6)
86. Jamal Murray (100.4)
87. Jake LaRavia (101.0)
88. Malik Beasley (101.3)
89. Cam Thomas (103.6)
90. Luguentz Dort (104.0)
91. Luke Kornet (106.1)
92. De'Andre Hunter (106.3)
93. Mike Conley (109.1)
94. Buddy Hield (109.9)
95. Brandon Miller (110.0)
96. Scotty Pippen Jr. (110.7)
97. Klay Thompson (111.1)
98. Christian Braun (112.7)
99. Nickeil Alexander-Walker (113.9)
99. Russell Westbrook (113.9)
101. Zach Edey (115.1)
102. Mikal Bridges (115.6)
103. Cameron Payne (115.7)
104. Brandon Clarke (116.0)
105. Kris Dunn (117.7)
105. Jrue Holiday (117.7)
107. Brook Lopez (118.7)
108. Josh Giddey (119.4)
109. Wendell Carter Jr. (120.0)
110. Austin Reaves (120.9)
111. Obi Toppin (121.0)
111. Kevon Looney (121.0)
113. Nic Claxton (122.0)
114. Miles McBride (122.1)
115. Al Horford (122.3)
116. Jalen Green (124.0)
117. Naz Reid (124.9)
118. Dyson Daniels (125.1)
119. Bobby Portis (126.0)
120. Talen Horton-Tucker (126.3)
121. Dorian Finney-Smith (127.1)
122. Jalen Smith (128.3)
123. Draymond Green (128.4)
124. Naji Marshall (129.3)
125. Sam Hauser (129.4)
126. Jonas Valančiūnas (130.0)
126. Aaron Gordon (130.0)
128. Dalano Banton (130.6)
129. Cason Wallace (130.7)
130. Trayce Jackson-Davis (130.9)
131. Jonathan Isaac (131.9)
132. Jordan Poole (134.0)
133. Jared McCain (136.7)
133. Aaron Wiggins (136.7)
135. Jabari Smith Jr. (137.0)
136. Keon Ellis (137.1)
137. Kenrich Williams (140.3)
138. Isaiah Joe (141.6)
139. Julian Champagnie (142.3)
140. Tobias Harris (142.9)
141. Jalen Duren (146.7)
142. Quentin Grimes (147.6)
143. Kyle Anderson (148.3)
144. Justin Champagnie (148.9)
145. Chris Boucher (149.4)
146. Miles Bridges (150.1)
146. Dillon Brooks (150.1)
148. Marcus Sasser (150.3)
148. Isaac Okoro (150.3)
150. Nick Richards (152.3)
151. Brandon Ingram (153.1)
152. Ochai Agbaji (153.3)
152. Spencer Dinwiddie (153.3)
152. Onyeka Okongwu (153.3)
155. Luke Kennard (153.9)
155. Malcolm Brogdon (153.9)
157. Alex Caruso (156.6)
158. Josh Okogie (157.6)
159. Nikola Jović (158.1)
160. Coby White (159.1)
161. Deni Avdija (160.4)
162. Amir Coffey (161.3)
163. Ben Simmons (161.6)
164. Gary Payton II (162.6)
165. Derrick Jones Jr. (162.7)
166. Jaden Ivey (163.0)
167. Jaylen Wells (163.7)
168. Gradey Dick (164.0)
169. Myles Turner (164.3)
170. Trey Murphy III (166.3)
171. Grayson Allen (166.6)
172. Anfernee Simons (168.9)
173. Marcus Smart (169.7)
174. Jaden McDaniels (170.3)
175. Bradley Beal (170.9)
176. Isaiah Stewart (171.3)
177. D'Angelo Russell (171.7)
178. Devin Vassell (172.7)
179. Kentavious Caldwell-Pope (173.3)
180. Cody Martin (174.0)
181. Rui Hachimura (174.3)
182. Jerami Grant (174.4)
183. Zach Collins (175.1)
184. Jonathan Kuminga (176.0)
185. CJ McCollum (176.4)
186. Duncan Robinson (177.1)
187. Collin Sexton (178.3)
188. Dean Wade (178.7)
189. Monte Morris (179.1)
190. Ayo Dosunmu (179.4)
191. Guerschon Yabusele (180.1)
192. Kelly Oubre Jr. (180.7)
193. Jose Alvarado (181.9)
194. Donovan Clingan (182.1)
195. Jonathan Mogbo (183.0)
196. Jamison Battle (184.9)
196. Keegan Murray (184.9)
198. Haywood Highsmith (185.3)
199. Harrison Barnes (185.7)
200. Deandre Ayton (186.3)
201. Neemias Queta (187.0)
202. Kevin Huerter (187.4)
203. Bennedict Mathurin (188.6)
204. Brandon Boston Jr. (190.3)
205. Donte DiVincenzo (190.6)
206. Dru Smith (190.9)
206. Georges Niang (190.9)
208. Peyton Watson (194.6)
209. Sam Merrill (195.0)
210. Andre Drummond (195.9)
211. Jared Butler (198.9)
212. Nicolas Batum (200.0)
213. Brandin Podziemski (200.4)
214. Toumani Camara (202.1)
215. A.J. Green (202.4)
216. Garrison Mathews (205.1)
217. Shaedon Sharpe (206.7)
218. Mason Plumlee (208.4)
219. Drew Eubanks (208.6)
220. Keldon Johnson (208.9)
221. Andrew Nembhard (210.0)
222. Moussa Diabaté (210.6)
222. Jordan Clarkson (210.6)
224. KJ Martin (213.0)
225. Ricky Council IV (214.9)
226. Kyle Filipowski (215.6)
227. Jusuf Nurkić (216.7)
228. Anthony Black (217.0)
229. Dalton Knecht (217.3)
230. Taurean Prince (218.6)
231. Quenton Jackson (220.4)
231. Yves Missi (220.4)
233. Terance Mann (221.0)
234. Grant Williams (221.4)
235. Kyle Lowry (224.0)
236. David Roddy (224.3)
237. Shake Milton (224.7)
238. Jaime Jaquez Jr. (224.9)
239. Pelle Larsson (225.3)
240. Terry Rozier (225.4)
241. Tre Mann (226.9)
242. Cole Anthony (228.0)
243. Bogdan Bogdanović (228.1)
243. Dejounte Murray (228.1)
245. Bilal Coulibaly (230.4)
246. Lindy Waters III (231.3)
247. Seth Curry (232.1)
248. Ajay Mitchell (233.7)
249. Trendon Watford (237.0)
250. Jeremiah Robinson-Earl (237.3)
251. Trey Lyles (239.9)
252. Gary Harris (241.3)
252. Max Christie (241.3)
254. Ziaire Williams (242.4)
255. Tristan Da Silva (244.1)
256. Brice Sensabaugh (244.3)
257. Zaccharie Risacher (245.3)
258. Herbert Jones (245.9)
259. Oso Ighodaro (246.4)
260. Moses Moody (247.4)
261. Keyonte George (247.7)
262. Kevin Porter Jr. (249.4)
263. Ryan Dunn (249.6)
264. Kris Murray (250.0)
264. Gary Trent Jr. (250.0)
266. Julian Strawther (250.9)
267. Davion Mitchell (253.1)
268. Stephon Castle (253.7)
269. Jamal Cain (253.9)
269. Noah Clowney (253.9)
271. Jalen Wilson (254.1)
272. Julian Phillips (257.1)
273. Jarace Walker (259.9)
273. Matas Buzelis (259.9)
275. Reed Sheppard (260.0)
275. Delon Wright (260.0)
277. Pat Connaughton (260.3)
278. Tim Hardaway Jr. (262.9)
279. Alex Sarr (263.0)
280. Patrick Williams (264.3)
281. Jett Howard (264.9)
282. Javonte Green (266.1)
283. Malaki Branham (266.7)
284. Cam Reddish (267.0)
285. Jordan Miller (268.4)
286. Ron Holland (269.9)
287. Blake Wesley (270.0)
288. Ben Sheppard (270.3)
289. Jericho Sims (270.7)
290. Simone Fontecchio (271.0)
291. Josh Green (271.7)
292. Andre Jackson Jr. (272.6)
293. Caleb Martin (273.0)
294. Dalen Terry (274.7)
295. Daniel Theis (275.0)
296. Johnny Juzang (276.6)
297. Rayan Rupert (277.6)
298. Eric Gordon (278.0)
299. Jabari Walker (280.4)
300. Corey Kispert (282.4)
301. Scoot Henderson (282.7)
302. Kyle Kuzma (282.9)
303. Ja'Kobe Walter (284.4)
304. Jordan Hawkins (290.0)
305. Carlton Carrington (293.4)
306. Tidjane Salaün (293.9)
307. Vasilije Micić (294.9)
308. Jaden Hardy (295.7)
309. Kyshawn George (296.7)
310. Jamal Shead (299.1)
310. Keon Johnson (299.1)
312. Gabe Vincent (305.1)
313. Maxi Kleber (305.3)
314. Cody Williams (306.3)
315. Isaiah Collier (310.3)