Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls

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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#201 » by lessthanjake » Tue Jun 17, 2025 4:09 pm

Djoker wrote:
lessthanjake wrote:
I did some calculations for Magic below:

Spoiler:
Given the Squared data we have for Magic Johnson, it seems like peak Magic might perhaps be in the Jordan/Jokic/Steph tier in terms of on-off, rather than in that lower tier with guys like LeBron and Garnett. If we applied the same method I did for Jordan’s 1990 data to prime Magic’s Squared data (from 1985, 1988, 1990, and 1991 combined), it would come out to an estimate of a +15.11 on-off per 48 minutes, with a +10.23 ON. We can cut the sample a bit to get something better than that though (for instance, it’s +20.14 on-off with +11.4 ON if we just use the 1985, 1988, and 1990 data).


If I did it for just the 1988, 1990, and 1991 data we have from Squared, it comes out to just a +7.52 on-off, with a +9.25 ON.

That said, I noticed today that the on-off estimate I got for Magic in 1991 is pretty different from what you listed in the 1991 RPOY thread (mine is worse). So I may have screwed something up in these Magic calculations? Or maybe you actually have detail of the specific games Squared used for Magic (whether that year or all years)? I vaguely recall seeing game-by-game data for Magic on Squared’s website, but I can’t find it anymore so I couldn’t use it in my calculations. I instead had to just use various assumptions (i.e. (1) that the Lakers’ average MOV in the sampled games was the same as their average MOV during the season; (2) that Magic’s MPG in the sampled games was the same as his MPG in the season as a whole; and (3) that the Lakers’ average number of minutes played per game in the sample was the same as it was in the season as a whole—i.e. that they had an average number of OTs in the sample). For 1991 in particular, I can see assumption #1 skewing things against Magic, because the Lakers had a notably worse record in the sampled games than overall, so I’m probably significantly overestimating how well the Lakers did in the OFF minutes that year, though that may not be true overall in the multi-year samples. Oh, and another assumption I made was that Magic played in every sampled Lakers game. He didn’t miss many games in those years and I suspect Squared was much less likely to sample a Lakers game Magic didn’t play in, but it is nevertheless an assumption that might cause error. That wasn’t a problem when I did the same calculations for Jordan in 1990, since Jordan played every game that season.

So yeah, I’m not super confident in those Magic calculations. Regardless of estimation issues, I definitely agree that Squared’s data improves my view of Magic, though!

And I look forward to your upcoming Jordan thread!

________

EDIT: I notice you have some precise data here: https://forums.realgm.com/boards/viewtopic.php?f=64&t=2402176. Where were you able to get the info for that? Is it stuff that is no longer on Squared’s website or is it there and I’m just not able to find it? Of course, the data in that thread doesn’t include tallies Squared made since then (including 1990), but that info looks similar for Magic too. And I think, even accounting for the data in your post being in per-100-possession terms instead of per-48-minute terms, it’s definitely supportive of Magic’s on-off data looking up there with Jordan/Jokic/Steph.


For Magic, I don't actually know which games were sampled in 1990 and so I don't have his exact numbers including that season. But yea the thread I started is all the available data for 1985/1987/1988/1991 that Squared shared that is not on the website.

By the way, I know exactly which games were sampled for Jordan in 1990.

That is an image of all Jordan games that were not sampled since Squared2020 doesn't (currently) have the footage.

Image

Taking the other 56 games that were sampled, the Bulls are +333 with Jordan in 2201 minutes. Without Jordan they are -182 in 507 minutes. That works out to +7.5 ON -17.8 OFF +25.3 ON-OFF per 48 minutes. With 1990, unlike 1991, the sampled and unsampled games aren't that different in terms of MOV. In the 56 sampled games, the Bulls had a +2.7 MOV and in the 26 unsampled games a +4.5 MOV.

By the way, Squared currently has 130 games left to do for Jordan. 2 in 1985, 42 in 1989, 71 in 1992 (MJ actually played 69 of those) and 17 in 1995. I hope that more Bulls games surface. I am certainly trying to help him find some of those games. So far I got him one game! :lol: It's actually tough tracking down rare games that aren't widely available and only owned by a couple of collectors. First you had to find them and then they have to be willing to part with the games for a reasonable price.

For Magic, I don't know the exact number of games left to log but I think there's about 40 games in 1986 and 50 games in 1989 left to do.


That is fantastic info! If we know the specific games for 1990, then I can actually add that info to the OP. Will aim to do that today.

EDIT: Have just added the 1989-1990 Squared data to the OP. I will note that the ON and OFF numbers I got for 1989-1990 were different than what you listed above, but I used the plus-minus and minutes numbers you gave to get them, so I’m assuming the +7.5 and -17.8 numbers you gave were typos. Just wanted to flag in case those were the numbers that were right though.
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#202 » by lessthanjake » Tue Jun 17, 2025 4:35 pm

lessthanjake wrote:To add to the above, we can use the above estimates to add to our calculation of Jordan’s four-year on-off in his peak four years of 1988-1991, in the games we have data for.

The calculations in my above post for 1990 make some assumptions, but are likely close (and the fact that I assumed the Bulls did as well in the Squared sample as they did in the season even though they had a worse record in the sample is likely to have hurt Jordan’s numbers). Given that, it’s not perfect, but adds a bunch of games to the sample we have, so is worth taking into account IMO.

So what do we get with that 1990 info included?

Well, our estimate for 1988-1991 is as follows:

Jordan’s Estimated On-Off Per 48 Minutes from 1988-1991 (214-game RS+Playoff sample)

- On: +7.24 (+1,284 in 8511.583 minutes)
- Off: -11.70 (-446.44 in 1831.137 minutes)
- On-Off: +18.94

While this is a partial sample, assuming this is consistent with the full data then it is definitely GOAT-tier in this regard. And the sample here is not tiny—it’s actually 55.3% of the total games Jordan played in those years.

For reference, here’s similar data from other players in their four-year impact peak:

Nikola Jokic (2022-2025)
- On: +9.85 (+2,485 in 12,111 minutes)
- Off: -9.64 (-1,240 in 6176 minutes)
- On-Off: +19.49

Stephen Curry (2014-2017)
- On: +14.57 (+3,988 in 13,135 minutes)
- Off: -3.67 (-462 in 6,041 minutes)
- On-Off: +18.24

LeBron James (2009-2012)
- On: +10.05 (+3,004 in 14,354 minutes)
- Off: -4.47 (-378 in 4,059 minutes)
- On-Off: +14.52

So Jordan’s on-off numbers in this sample are right up there with the four-year impact peaks of Jokic and Steph, with the three of them seeming to be the clear leaders in this regard, above LeBron (and above Garnett and other play-by-play era guys as well).

Given the Squared data we have for Magic Johnson, it seems like peak Magic might perhaps be in the Jordan/Jokic/Steph tier in terms of on-off, rather than in that lower tier with guys like LeBron and Garnett. If we applied the same method I did for Jordan’s 1990 data to prime Magic’s Squared data (from 1985, 1988, 1990, and 1991 combined), it would come out to an estimate of a +15.11 on-off per 48 minutes, with a +10.23 ON. We can cut the sample a bit to get something better than that though (for instance, it’s +20.14 on-off with +11.4 ON if we just use the 1985, 1988, and 1990 data).

It also seems likely from the Pollack data that 1993-1996 Robinson would fall near to the Jordan/Jokic/Steph tier. After all, we know that from 1994-1996, his regular season on-off per 48 minutes was +17.22, with a +9.50 ON value.

That’s just four-year peak. We can also expand this to a five-year-peak sample, using the additional boatload of data we have from 1992.

Jordan’s Estimated On-Off Per 48 Minutes from 1988-1992 (291-game RS+Playoff sample)

- On: +8.12 (+1966 in 11,549.583 minutes)
- Off: -10.70 (-562.44 in 2,524.137 minutes)
- On-Off: +18.82

This is again an astounding number. What is the five-year data for the players listed above?

Nikola Jokic (2021-2025)
- On: +9.03 (+2,812 in 14,943 minutes)
- Off: -8.30 (-1,267 in 7,330 minutes)
- On-Off: +17.33

Stephen Curry (2014-2018)
- On: +14.47 (+4,620 in 15,321 minutes)
- Off: -2.14 (-394 in 8,841 minutes)
- On-Off: +16.61

LeBron James (2009-2013)
- On: +10.17 (+3,856 in 18,191 minutes)
- Off: -3.95 (-437 in 5,312 minutes)
- On-Off: +14.12

So once we look at five-year peak, Jordan’s sample starts to look relatively even more incredible. Jokic and Steph are still in the same tier, of course, with Steph’s on-off lagging a bit but having easily the highest ON value. These are again the top-tier players here, with it definitely being possible that Magic and Robinson would be in that same tier. Of course, all this has the caveat that this is just a sample for Jordan, so we don’t know for sure if the whole sample would be this good (though the sample here is like 60% of the full data, so it is a very meaningful amount of the data).


Now that Djoker has provided info on exactly which games were in Squared’s 1990 sample, I just want to update this to provide the exact data we have for Jordan in 1988-1991 and 1988-1992. The above made certain assumptions to draw an estimate of the 1990 games, but now we have exact info. So here’s the data:

Jordan’s On-Off Per 48 Minutes from 1988-1991 (214-game RS+Playoff sample)

- On: +7.23 (+1284 in 8528.583 minutes)
- Off: -12.65 (-478 in 1813.417 minutes)
- On-Off: +19.88

Jordan’s On-Off Per 48 Minutes from 1988-1992 (291-game RS+Playoff sample)

- On: +8.16 (+1966 in 11,566.583 minutes)
- Off: -11.38 (-594 in 2,506.417 minutes)
- On-Off: +19.54

So the correct data is actually slightly *better* than what I’d estimated in my earlier post, though not way different. This is unsurprising, since one of the assumptions I had made seemed very likely to be one that would hurt Jordan’s numbers, and that turned out to be the case. Anyways, Jordan is still in that top-tier with Steph and Jokic, and above the next tier of guys like LeBron and Garnett. His on-off is higher than Steph’s or Jokic’s over similar timespans, but they do have higher ON values and aren’t far off in on-off, so they look similar overall IMO. And, based on the Squared data we have, Magic looks like he’s right in that same tier.
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#203 » by Djoker » Tue Jun 17, 2025 5:05 pm

lessthanjake wrote:
That is fantastic info! If we now the specific games for 1990, then I can actually add that info to the OP. Will aim to do that today.

EDIT: Have just added the 1989-1990 Squared data to the OP. I will note that the ON and OFF numbers I got for 1989-1990 were different than what you listed above, but I used the plus-minus and minutes numbers you gave to get them, so I’m assuming the +7.5 and -17.8 numbers you gave were typos. Just wanted to flag in case those were the numbers that were right though.


Yea.. your numbers in the OP are right. I edited my post. I mistakenly posted the per 100 numbers, not per 48.
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#204 » by FrodoBaggins » Tue Jun 17, 2025 5:41 pm

GOAT doing GOAT things.
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#205 » by Djoker » Wed Jun 18, 2025 4:17 pm

Good news! Squared2020 shared the updated Magic game log. 250 games in total since 1985 including 57 games specifically from 1990. Note that the 1990 RAPM on the website only has 42 Lakers games sampled so this is a more recent update for that season.

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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#206 » by lessthanjake » Wed Jun 18, 2025 5:08 pm

Djoker wrote:Good news! Squared2020 shared the updated Magic game log. 250 games in total since 1985 including 57 games specifically from 1990. Note that the 1990 RAPM on the website only has 42 Lakers games sampled so this is a more recent update for that season.

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FYI, I ran an on-off per 48 minutes for the 1989-1990 games in that Magic sample. I did not include the 12/9 game against the Bullets since it seems obvious from the listed score (which is not the real score for the game) that Squared didn’t have footage of the whole game, so I can’t determine what actually happened with Magic off the court and/or how many minutes were played on or off in the part that Squared looked at. The other games seemed okay to me (some of them had a noticeably low number of possessions for Magic, but they actually seemed to track with Magic’s minutes in those games—even the one with 9 possessions).

Running the data for the rest of the games, I get a +12.46 ON (+537 in 2069 minutes) and -7.81 OFF (-104 in 639 minutes), for a +20.27 on-off per 48 minutes. So some genuinely great numbers from Magic. I might try to run the full data for Magic at some point, but I think we do have a good sense of what those numbers will look like from the per-100-possession numbers you previously ran.
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#207 » by lessthanjake » Wed Jun 18, 2025 7:46 pm

Djoker wrote:.


I ran the on-off per 48 minute data for those Magic games that were screenshotted.

Just as full disclosure, I did not include the following 12 games in the tally, because it seems obvious that Squared didn’t track the entire game, since the score listed doesn’t match the full score of the match. That means I can’t figure out per-48-minute values with those games, since I don’t know how many minutes Magic was on or off in the parts of the games Squared tracked.

October 28, 1984 vs. DAL
March 6, 1985 vs. GSW
April 12, 1986 vs. SAC
January 10, 1987 vs. GSW
January 28, 1987 vs. SEA
February 28, 1987 vs. UTA
December 4, 1987 vs. MIL
December 8, 1987 vs. NJN
December 9, 1987 vs. WSB
November 5, 1988 vs. SAS
December 9, 1989 vs. WSB
March 24, 1991 vs. SEA

Anyways, here’s the data I got:

Magic On-Off per 48 minutes - 1984-85 (22 games)

On: +11.92 (+209 in 841 minutes)
Off: -12.00 (-55 in 220 minutes)
On-Off: +23.93

Magic On-Off per 48 minutes - 1985-86 (10 games)

On: +3.42 (+27 in 379 minutes)
Off: -6.49 (-15 in 111 minutes)
On-Off: +9.91

Magic On-Off per 48 minutes - 1986-87 (32 games)

On: +13.52 (+347 in 1232 minutes)
Off: -6.37 (-41 in 309 minutes)
On-Off: +19.89

Magic On-Off per 48 minutes - 1987-88 (47 games)

On: +10.24 (+372 in 1743 minutes)
Off: -8.53 (-92 in 518 minutes)
On-Off: +18.77

Magic On-Off per 48 minutes - 1988-89 (4 games)

On: +30.68 (+85 in 133 minutes)
Off: +28.47 (+35 in 59 minutes)
On-Off: +2.21

Magic On-Off per 48 minutes - 1989-90 (56 games)

On: +12.46 (+537 in 2069 minutes)
Off: -7.81 (-104 in 639 minutes)
On-Off: +20.27

Magic On-Off per 48 minutes - 1990-91 (49 games)

On: +7.04 (+278 in 1895 minutes)
Off: -8.27 (-83 in 482 minutes)
On-Off: +15.31

Magic On-Off per 48 minutes - 1995-96 (18 games)

On: +5.76 (+68 in 567 minutes)
Off: +2.10 (+13 in 297 minutes)
On-Off: +3.66

_______________________________________

Below are combined numbers for some specific timespans:

Magic On-Off per 48 minutes - 1984-85 to 1990-91 (220 games)

On: +10.74 (+1855 in 8292 minutes)
Off: -7.29 (-355 in 2338 minutes)
On-Off: +18.03

Magic On-Off per 48 minutes - 1986-87 to 1990-91 (188 games)

On: +10.99 (+1619 in 7072 minutes)
Off: -6.82 (-285 in 2007 minutes)
On-Off: +17.81

Magic On-Off per 48 minutes - 1986-87 to 1989-90 (139 games)

On: +12.43 (+1341 in 5177 minutes)
Off: -6.36 (-202 in 1525 minutes)
On-Off: +18.79

_______________________

These are some incredible numbers, as we might expect when we know Jordan’s numbers are incredible and Magic’s RAPM based on these numbers is almost as high as Jordan’s. Magic definitely seems to be in that top-tier in terms of on-off, along with Jordan/Steph/Jokic.

One thing I do want to flag about this is that these Magic numbers aren’t strictly comparable to the numbers I provided for other players above (including Jordan), since those numbers included playoffs. Intuitively, we wouldn’t necessarily expect playoffs would raise or lower a player’s on-off, but we probably would expect that including playoffs would lower the ON value.
OhayoKD wrote:Lebron contributes more to all the phases of play than Messi does. And he is of course a defensive anchor unlike messi.
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#208 » by Caneman786 » Fri Jun 20, 2025 10:44 pm

This is the cutting-edge work we need

Be proud of yourselves
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#209 » by DraymondGold » Wed Jul 30, 2025 9:04 pm

It's ironic (and purely coincidental) that on the same day two trolls (one of whom frequently and erroneously claimed there were absolutely no pure impact metrics that supported Jordan's GOAT peak candidacy) get caught in an anti-Jordan conspiracy, I finish calculating an impact metric that happens to support Jordan's GOAT peak candidacy. :lol: 8-)

Anyways, in earlier posts in this thread, I calculated
-Best 5-year Playoff On/off per 48 minutes Runs by MVP/All-NBA players: (https://forums.realgm.com/boards/viewtopic.php?p=112619612#p112619612)
-Best 5-year (relative) Playoff Plus/Minus per 48 minutes Runs by MVPs/FMVPs (https://forums.realgm.com/boards/viewtopic.php?p=112909193#p112909193)

Now I'm adding full-season data. The data's far from complete for Jordan, but at the same time, we have a significant and fairly random sampling of Jordan's regular season games that allow for a reasonably fair comparison (albeit with wider uncertainty bars). Note we're still missing much of the early regular season data (85-87), so I suspect that when those early years surpass all other samples, it's mostly small-sample playoff outliers. I would bet with more regular season data, that something closer to 87–91 or 88–92 would appear to be Jordan's true impact peak, rather than 96–90 or 95–89... although we'd need data to be sure.

There's a few other players with partial data that I might add:
- I include Robinson below since we have all his regular season data during his peak and some full playoff data (99), although we're missing his playoff data in his peak (94–96). If you, like most, think peak Robinson declined in the playoffs, then you might curb his performance in the following stats down slightly given we don't have that playoff data.
-I might add Hakeem, for whom we have some playoff data and some regular season data -- if anyone has his latest 1993 On and Off ratings in Sqaured2020 data, I might be comfortable saying we have enough of his prime to do 93–97... although we're still missing much of his playoff data, where he has a reputation of improving.
-I might add Magic, for whom we have a fair bit of regular season data (see Jake's post earlier in this thread), but we only have one prime playoff for Magic (1985, per Djoker's Magic and Bird Plus Minus Numbers thread).
For most other 80s/90s players, we only have regular season data, so I'm hesitant to include them in a list that's based on both Regular Season + Playoff data like this one.

I chose to focus on larger samples, since plus minus data's famously noisy. Primarily 5 years (a standard value for capturing long peaks / short primes), with some extra playoff weighting for context. I also include some 3-year values. Let me know if there's any other sample size / weighting you're interested in.

I looked at the best (available) runs from every player that has won an MVP or FMVP. I only include one sample per player -- that player's best sample (occasionally with an extra sample for context in parentheses).

Details aside, here are
Best 5-year Regular Season + Playoff On/off per 48 minutes Runs by MVP/All-NBA players: (1x Playoff Rating)
1. 86–90 Jordan +23.9 (88-92 Jordan +19.53) (partial data)
2. 15-19 Curry +17.92
3. 21-25 Jokic +17.33
4. 95-99 Robinson +16.27 (partial data)
5. 03-07 Garnett +14.59
6. 13-17 LeBron +14.2
7. 00-04 Shaq +13.08
8. 01-05 Duncan +12.5
9. 08-12 Dirk +12.46
10. 18–22 Embiid +11.76
11. 05-09 Nash +11.72
12. 19–23 Giannis +11.08
13. 06–10 Wade +11.06
14. 21-25 Shai +10.54
15. 20-24 Kawhi +10.31
16. 15-19 Durant +10.17
17. 10–14 Iguodala +10.11
18. 06-10 Kobe +9.75
19. 07–11 Paul Pierce +8.89
20. 05–09 Billups +7.77
21. 13–17 Westbrook +7.77
22. 17–21 Harden +7.12
23. 98–02 Iverson +6.37
24. 05–09 Tony Parker +4.82
25. 11–15 Derrick Rose +3.74
26. 18–22 Jaylen Brown +1.1

5-year RS+PS On-Off (5x Playoff Rating)
Spoiler:
1. 85–89 Jordan +24.96 (87-91 Jordan +19.92; 88–92 Jordan +17.04) (partial data)
2. 95-99 Robinson +18.25 (partial data)
3. 16-20 Curry +15.61 (15–19 Curry +15.52)
4. 00-04 Shaq +14.84
5. 03-07 Garnett +14.84
6. 99-03 Duncan +14.73
7. 21-25 Jokic 14.1
8. 08–12 LeBron +13.85 (13-17 LeBron +13.77)
9. 18–22 Embiid +13.22
10. 05-09 Nash +12.75
11. 08-12 Dirk +12.06
12. 06–10 Wade +11.32
13. 20–24 Giannis +10.77
14. 21-25 Shai +10.10
15. 15-19 Durant +9.83
16. 09–13 Iguodala +9.79
17. 13–17 Westbrook +9.64
18. 06-10 Kobe +8.86
19. 03–07 Billups +8.26
20. 00–04 Paul Pierce +8.15
21. 12–16 Harden +7.14
22. 16-20 Kawhi +7.10
23. 11–15 Derrick Rose +5.32
24. 08–12 Tony Parker +5.11
25. 98–02 Iverson +4.84
26. 18–22 Jaylen Brown -0.15

5-year RS+PS On-Off (10x Playoff Rating)
Spoiler:
1. 85–89 Jordan +26.45 (87-91 Jordan +19.9; 88–92 Jordan +16.06) (partial data)
2. 96-00 Robinson +19.93 (partial data)
3. 99-03 Duncan +16.57
4. 00-04 Shaq +16.34
5. 03-07 Garnett +15.24
6. 13-17 Curry +15.10 (17–21 Curry +15.07)
7. 21-25 Jokic 14.1
8. 18–22 Embiid +14.23
9. 16–20 LeBron +14.21 (08-12 LeBron +13.88)
10. 05-09 Nash +13.83
11. 07-11 Dirk +12.16
12. 06–10 Wade +11.68
13. 13–17 Westbrook +10.87
14. 20–24 Giannis +10.71
15. 09–13 Iguodala +9.97
16. 21-25 Shai +9.46
17. 15-19 Durant +9.66
18. 03–07 Billups +9.09
19. 11–15 Harden +8.92
20. 07-11 Kobe +8.57
21. 00–04 Paul Pierce +7.77
22. 16-20 Kawhi +7.58
23. 11–15 Derrick Rose +6.65
24. 08–12 Tony Parker +5.97
25. 98–02 Iverson +3.81
26. 18–22 Jaylen Brown -0.72

3-year RS+PS On-Off (1x Playoff Rating)
Spoiler:
1. 88–90 Jordan +23.13 (89-91 Jordan +20.31) (partial data)
2. 23-25 Jokic +20.85
3. 15-17 Curry +19.58
4. 02-04 Garnett +18.01
5. 95-97 Robinson +17.95 (partial data, no playoffs)
6. 15-17 LeBron +16.44 (08–10 LeBron +16.26)
7. 12–14 Iguodala +15.58
8. 01-03 Duncan +15.44
9. 99-01 Shaq +14.16
10. 10-12 Dirk +13.77
11. 05-07 Nash +12.3
12. 16–18 Westbrook +11.99
13. 20–22 Giannis +11.86
14. 18–20 Embiid +11.48
15. 08–10 Wade +11.11
16. 15-17 Durant +10.87
17. 22-24 Kawhi +10.79
18. 08-10 Kobe +10.58
19. 00–02 Paul Pierce +10.25
20. 05–07 Billups +9.49
21. 23-25 Shai +9.27
22. 14–16 Harden +7.59
23. 91–03 Iverson +6.38
24. 07–09 Tony Parker +5.02
25. 20–22 Derrick Rose +3.93
26. 20–22 Jaylen Brown +1.2

3-year RS+PS On-Off (5x Playoff Rating)
Spoiler:
1. 85–87 Jordan +36.44 (88-90 Jordan +22.56; 89-91 Jordan +20.59) (partial data)
2. 01-03 Duncan +19.45
3. 98-00 Robinson +18.76 (partial data)
4. 23-25 Jokic +18.56
5. 02-04 Garnett +18.49
6. 08-10 LeBron +17.2 (15–17 LeBron +16.99)
7. 17-19 Curry +16.84
8. 99-01 Shaq +15.38
9. 19–21 Embiid +14.77
10. 06-08 Nash +14.62
11. 16–18 Westbrook +13.57
12. 09-11 Dirk +13.36
13. 12–14 Iguodala +12.18
14. 20–22 Giannis +11.63
15. 06–08 Wade +11.44
16. 00–02 Paul Pierce +11.05
17. 05–07 Billups +10.99
18. 08-10 Kobe +10.06
19. 15-17 Durant +9.94
20. 22-24 Kawhi +9.91
21. 12–14 Harden +8.04
22. 22-24 Shai +8.02
23. 10–12 Tony Parker +6.09
24. 11–13 Derrick Rose +5.38
25. 01–03 Iverson +4.58
26. 21–23 Jaylen Brown +0.03

5-year RS On-Off (No Playoffs)
Spoiler:
1. 88–92 Jordan +21.19 (partial data, no 86/87/89 data; 90–95 Jordan +18.5)
2. 15-19 Curry +19.39
3. 21-25 Jokic +18.86
4. 85-89 Magic +16.93 (partial data, no pre-85 data)
5. 94-98 Robinson +15.70 (no pre-94 data)
6. 09-13 LeBron +15.38 (13–17 LeBron +14.51)
7. 85-89 Bird +14.60 (partial data, no 89 data, no pre-85 data; 86–90 Bird +13.17)
8. 03-07 Garnett +14.55
9. 01-05 Dirk +14.12 (08–12 Dirk +12.68)
10. 00-04 Shaq +12.64
11. 01-05 Duncan +12.58
12. 08-12 Nash +11.74 (05–09 Nash +11.51)
13. 20-24 Kawhi +11.71 (no 2022 data; 20–25 Kawhi +11.71; 17–21 Kawhi +7.65)
14. 97–01 Malone +11.44 (no pre-94 data)
15. 19–23 Giannis +11.43
16. 18–22 Embiid +11.23
17. 06–10 Wade +11.02
18. 21-25 Shai +10.59
19. 10–14 Iguodala +10.59
20. 15-19 Durant +10.33
21. 06-10 Kobe +10.22
22. 07–11 Paul Pierce +9.79
23. 05–09 Billups +7.75
24. 14–18 Westbrook +7.44
25. 17–21 Harden +7.31
26. 98–02 Iverson +6.98
27. 05–09 Tony Parker +5.67
28. 11–15 Derrick Rose +3.23
29. 18–22 Jaylen Brown +1.79


There's definitely noise. Broadly speaking, I think this gets the general top tier of players right (Jordan, Curry, Jokic, Robinson, Garnett, LeBron, Shaq, Duncan) and the bottom tier of players right (Iverson, Tony Parker, Derrick Rose, Jaylen Brown). A few players in the middle tiers are slightly lower or higher than their reputation would suggest (e.g. Harden/Westbrook are lower than you'd think; Kawhi doesn't improve with extra playoff weighting unlike what you'd think; Iguodala, Paul Pierce, Billups sneak into a tier of players I usually consider higher impact than them).

Among the top players, Jordan fairly consistently looks like the most impactful player, regardless of playoff weighting or timespan. The preference for his earliest years is likely noise (he has some small sample outlier-high playoff on-off in early years without much regular season data to balance out the noise; but he still looks right near the top when we start getting significant regular season data in 87–91 and 88–92). Still, we do have wider uncertainty bars with the incomplete regular season data. Given the team record in the missing games, our best guess is that Jordan wouldn't do worse if we had full data, but anything's possible given the noise in this kind of data.

Curry looks fantastic too, although his lower on/off in 2016 pulls him down slightly as we increase playoff weighting. If we considered both On/Off and relative On rating (where Curry might be the GOAT ), then Curry continues to look like a Tier 1 impact king all-time. It takes pretty heavy playoff weighting + including playoff injury years to push him lower. Jokic tends to be lower than Curry in longer 5-year stretches, but sneaks ahead of Curry in shorter stretches (again because of that '16 playoff run).

Shaq and Duncan look better as playoff weighting goes up, consistent with their reputations as resilient playoff improvers (or lazy regular season coasters in Shaq's case) during their peak. Garnett looks better than these two when we weigh the regular season heavily, and worse than one or both as the playoff weighting increases; although in his case, we don't have playoff data for 05/06/07, which makes the playoff comparison a bit more difficult.

LeBron looks highly impactful... but never quite near the top. He's fairly consistently ranked 6–8th. LeBron's inconsistency here hurts him a bit. He can have absolutely incredible impact in a one or two year stretch (16-17 LeBron's 3rd all time behind several Jordan stretches and 99-00 Robinson in 2-year full-season On/off with 10x playoff weighting), but his best stretches in on/off are often neighboring lower impact stretches in either the regular season and/or the playoffs... at least according to on/off.

Of the next few players (top ~10–25 peaks in the previous Greatest peaks project), Dirk seems to be straddling the very top tier (top ~10) and the tier below. Giannis seems closer to the tier below than the top ~10, which is consistent with how I tend to rate him, but lower than the average poster around here. Wade seems to generally come next (although he likely has lower On rating), followed by Kawhi/Kobe/Durant/Harden/Westbrook in some order. Harden usually seems to be near the bottom of this group.

Other thoughts welcome! This was just a cursory overview on my part.
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#210 » by f4p » Thu Jul 31, 2025 3:19 am

DraymondGold wrote:5-year RS+PS On-Off (10x Playoff Rating)
1. 85–89 Jordan +26.45 (87-91 Jordan +19.9; 88–92 Jordan +16.06) (partial data)
6. 13-17 Curry +15.10 (17–21 Curry +15.07)
22. 17–21 Harden +6.7

Curry looks fantastic too, although his lower on/off in 2016 pulls him down slightly as we increase playoff weighting.

...Harden usually seems to be near the bottom of this group.



Hmm. From 2011-2021, over 11 years, Harden has a playoff on/off of +11.4. and yet for a 10x weighted playoff ranking, he never clears +6.7.

That +11.4 compares favorably to the best 10+ year stretches for people like Duncan (+11.7 from 2001-2012) or curry (+12.0 from 2013-2025) and clears guys like kobe (+9.0 from 1999-2009) or giannis (+8.0 from 2015-2023) or jokic (+7.4 whole career) and smashes guys like nash (+6.0 from 2001-2013) or dirk (+5.1 from 2003-2012) or wade (+4.0 from 2005-2014). meanwhile, 16-20 curry is at +8.6 in the playoffs but 5x playoffs have him at +15.6.

this calculation doesn't seem to really reflect harden's playoff on/off elevation.
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#211 » by DraymondGold » Thu Jul 31, 2025 3:38 pm

f4p wrote:
DraymondGold wrote:5-year RS+PS On-Off (10x Playoff Rating)
1. 85–89 Jordan +26.45 (87-91 Jordan +19.9; 88–92 Jordan +16.06) (partial data)
6. 13-17 Curry +15.10 (17–21 Curry +15.07)
22. 17–21 Harden +6.7

Curry looks fantastic too, although his lower on/off in 2016 pulls him down slightly as we increase playoff weighting.

...Harden usually seems to be near the bottom of this group.



Hmm. From 2011-2021, over 11 years, Harden has a playoff on/off of +11.4. and yet for a 10x weighted playoff ranking, he never clears +6.7.

That +11.4 compares favorably to the best 10+ year stretches for people like Duncan (+11.7 from 2001-2012) or curry (+12.0 from 2013-2025) and clears guys like kobe (+9.0 from 1999-2009) or giannis (+8.0 from 2015-2023) or jokic (+7.4 whole career) and smashes guys like nash (+6.0 from 2001-2013) or dirk (+5.1 from 2003-2012) or wade (+4.0 from 2005-2014). meanwhile, 16-20 curry is at +8.6 in the playoffs but 5x playoffs have him at +15.6.

this calculation doesn't seem to really reflect harden's playoff on/off elevation.
Good catch on Harden! Looks like I accidentally dropped the negative sign for the 2015 playoff Off net point differential (the Rockets were -35, not +35, without Harden those playoffs). I've corrected the numbers above for Harden, and he of course improves (from +6.7 in the sample you include to +8.92 in the corrected sample) although he doesn't rise much in the rankings... just a few spots up to 19th.

I haven't checked 11-year runs yet (would be fairly straightforward to), but of course we would expect the rankings to differ if we look at vastly different timespans. In 5-year runs, it looks like Harden's best 5-year on-off during the playoffs is +12.68 from 2011–2015 while Curry's best is +15.53 from 2017–2021 (including playins -- not sure what the right thing to do regarding play-ins is; he's at +14.38 from 13–17, +12.72 14-18, +12.84 15–19, if we only look at on-off in games played, per previous posts in this thread). So at least in these samples, Curry looks a bit better in playoff-only on-off.

That said, if you or others spot any other mistakes on my part, feel free to reach out! I could well have made a mistake when copying things in. I've been a bit busy, and didn't have time to do my usual checks. Also happy to post all the raw data if you'd like.
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#212 » by f4p » Thu Jul 31, 2025 3:54 pm

DraymondGold wrote:
f4p wrote:
DraymondGold wrote:5-year RS+PS On-Off (10x Playoff Rating)
1. 85–89 Jordan +26.45 (87-91 Jordan +19.9; 88–92 Jordan +16.06) (partial data)
6. 13-17 Curry +15.10 (17–21 Curry +15.07)
22. 17–21 Harden +6.7

Curry looks fantastic too, although his lower on/off in 2016 pulls him down slightly as we increase playoff weighting.

...Harden usually seems to be near the bottom of this group.



Hmm. From 2011-2021, over 11 years, Harden has a playoff on/off of +11.4. and yet for a 10x weighted playoff ranking, he never clears +6.7.

That +11.4 compares favorably to the best 10+ year stretches for people like Duncan (+11.7 from 2001-2012) or curry (+12.0 from 2013-2025) and clears guys like kobe (+9.0 from 1999-2009) or giannis (+8.0 from 2015-2023) or jokic (+7.4 whole career) and smashes guys like nash (+6.0 from 2001-2013) or dirk (+5.1 from 2003-2012) or wade (+4.0 from 2005-2014). meanwhile, 16-20 curry is at +8.6 in the playoffs but 5x playoffs have him at +15.6.

this calculation doesn't seem to really reflect harden's playoff on/off elevation.
Good catch on Harden! Looks like I accidentally dropped the negative sign for the 2015 playoff Off net point differential (the Rockets were -35, not +35, without Harden those playoffs). I've corrected the numbers above for Harden, and he of course improves (from +6.7 in the sample you include to +8.92 in the corrected sample) although he doesn't rise much in the rankings... just a few spots up to 19th.

I haven't checked 11-year runs yet (would be fairly straightforward to), but of course we would expect the rankings to differ if we look at vastly different timespans. In 5-year runs, it looks like Harden's best 5-year on-off during the playoffs is +12.68 from 2011–2015 while Curry's best is +15.53 from 2017–2021 (including playins -- not sure what the right thing to do regarding play-ins is; he's at +14.38 from 13–17, +12.72 14-18, +12.84 15–19, if we only look at on-off in games played, per previous posts in this thread). So at least in these samples, Curry looks a bit better in playoff-only on-off.

That said, if you or others spot any other mistakes on my part, feel free to reach out! I could well have made a mistake when copying things in. I've been a bit busy, and didn't have time to do my usual checks. Also happy to post all the raw data if you'd like.


since the nba doesn't count play-ins, i wouldn't count play-ins. does 10x mean playoff minutes are weighted 10x, like 500 regular season minutes and 50 playoff minutes would be the same? because from your numbers, it's definitely not (10 x Playoff On/Off + 1 x Regular Season On/Off) / 11, right?
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#213 » by DraymondGold » Thu Jul 31, 2025 6:25 pm

f4p wrote:
DraymondGold wrote:
f4p wrote:

Hmm. From 2011-2021, over 11 years, Harden has a playoff on/off of +11.4. and yet for a 10x weighted playoff ranking, he never clears +6.7.

That +11.4 compares favorably to the best 10+ year stretches for people like Duncan (+11.7 from 2001-2012) or curry (+12.0 from 2013-2025) and clears guys like kobe (+9.0 from 1999-2009) or giannis (+8.0 from 2015-2023) or jokic (+7.4 whole career) and smashes guys like nash (+6.0 from 2001-2013) or dirk (+5.1 from 2003-2012) or wade (+4.0 from 2005-2014). meanwhile, 16-20 curry is at +8.6 in the playoffs but 5x playoffs have him at +15.6.

this calculation doesn't seem to really reflect harden's playoff on/off elevation.
Good catch on Harden! Looks like I accidentally dropped the negative sign for the 2015 playoff Off net point differential (the Rockets were -35, not +35, without Harden those playoffs). I've corrected the numbers above for Harden, and he of course improves (from +6.7 in the sample you include to +8.92 in the corrected sample) although he doesn't rise much in the rankings... just a few spots up to 19th.

I haven't checked 11-year runs yet (would be fairly straightforward to), but of course we would expect the rankings to differ if we look at vastly different timespans. In 5-year runs, it looks like Harden's best 5-year on-off during the playoffs is +12.68 from 2011–2015 while Curry's best is +15.53 from 2017–2021 (including playins -- not sure what the right thing to do regarding play-ins is; he's at +14.38 from 13–17, +12.72 14-18, +12.84 15–19, if we only look at on-off in games played, per previous posts in this thread). So at least in these samples, Curry looks a bit better in playoff-only on-off.

That said, if you or others spot any other mistakes on my part, feel free to reach out! I could well have made a mistake when copying things in. I've been a bit busy, and didn't have time to do my usual checks. Also happy to post all the raw data if you'd like.


since the nba doesn't count play-ins, i wouldn't count play-ins. does 10x mean playoff minutes are weighted 10x, like 500 regular season minutes and 50 playoff minutes would be the same? because from your numbers, it's definitely not (10 x Playoff On/Off + 1 x Regular Season On/Off) / 11, right?
The former. So playoff minutes and Net point differential are up-weighted for both On and Off, then ON-off is calculated as normal. I think that's the appropriate method, and not (10 x Playoff On/off +...) like you s say.

i.e.
On_per48 = (On_net_RS * weight_RS + On_net_PS * weight_PS ) * 48 / (minutes_net_RS * weight_RS + minutes_net_PS * weight_PS)
where 48 converts to per 48 minutes, and the weights are traditionally 1x but can be set to up-weight the postseason if you want.
Off is then defined with the same format.
On-Off_per48 = On_per48 - Off_per48, as normal.

This should be the correct approach to calculating On-off in general, including for full season RS + PS. There are a few slight ambiguities which we've already mentioned... which can produce slight changes in the exact numbers, but don't change the general trends if you're at a large enough sample that things are relatively stable (i.e. the error from different methodological differences is smaller than the inherent uncertainty in this method). Those choices are
a) How do we deal with play-ins? They presumably should be included somewhere and not ignored, right? But do they go in regular season or playoffs? NBA treats them as separate, so I guess you're right it would be good to follow their lead. But I suspect they treat play-ins differently from playoffs just for ease of coding (it would require less change to their website/graphics/etc. if they didn't have to change their scripts to include the new play-in data), which isn't quite a good reason to do something. It only effects a small number of players and its a microscopic sample size of games, so no major difference either way, but still could change numbers ever so slightly.

b) How to deal with playoff injuries? In regulgar season, missed games are usually small enough samples to not make a big difference, and/or randomly spread to not create a bias in the strength of schedule (e.g. only facing hard opponents when playing and only missing easy opponents when out, or vice versa). However, for playoff runs, this is not the case -- games missed in the first round tend to be systematically easier than games missed in the last round, so missing games in the playoffs creates a bias (either high or low) for your ON-off.
There are two possible corrections: (1) only look at on-off in games played (pbpstats has a button to do this) when dealing with playoffs and (i.e treat playoff WOWY as a separate stat), or (2) calculate calculate relative On-Off (where rOn-Off = rOn - rOff... which usually equals normal On-Off when players play every game, but might correct for the bias in strength of schedule if a player missed games in the playoffs). I do option 1 since it's easier/quicker to calculate, but people are welcome to do option 2.
Again these sorts of things don't effect every player, and wouldn't change things too drastically... this is a smaller source of error than the general uncertainty in on-off.

c) Do you correct for strength of schedule?
It's relevant for playoff On, usually (but not always if a player misses playoff games) not needed for On-Off (see point b above).
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#214 » by jalengreen » Thu Jul 31, 2025 11:37 pm

DraymondGold wrote:a) How do we deal with play-ins? They presumably should be included somewhere and not ignored, right? But do they go in regular season or playoffs? NBA treats them as separate, so I guess you're right it would be good to follow their lead. But I suspect they treat play-ins differently from playoffs just for ease of coding (it would require less change to their website/graphics/etc. if they didn't have to change their scripts to include the new play-in data), which isn't quite a good reason to do something. It only effects a small number of players and its a microscopic sample size of games, so no major difference either way, but still could change numbers ever so slightly.


Not to harp on a point that isn't that important anyway, but they treat it differently from the playoffs because they specifically want it to be a separate thing.

8 teams make the playoffs in each conference, not 10. You can't play in the playoffs without making the playoffs, of course, and the intent of the play-in was not to expand to a 10 team playoff. The draft lottery is for teams that don't make the playoffs (that's how it's defined, explicitly), and this is still true. Being a 10 seed does not mean you make the playoffs, and so on.

What the play-in games *are* is postseason games. They delineate this in the NBA Constitution:

(16) “Play-In Game” shall mean any game included
in the Association’s schedule of play-in games during a Season.
(17) “Playoff Game” shall mean any game included
in the Association’s schedule of playoff games during a Season.
(18) “Postseason” shall mean the competition that
takes place after the end of the Regular Season consisting of Play-
In Games and the Playoffs.
(19) “Postseason Game” shall mean a Play-In Game
and/or Playoff Game.


Probably best to stick with that imo
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#215 » by homecourtloss » Fri Aug 1, 2025 1:42 am

DraymondGold wrote:I chose to focus on larger samples, since plus minus data's famously noisy. Primarily 5 years (a standard value for capturing long peaks / short primes), with some extra playoff weighting for context. I also include some 3-year values. Let me know if there's any other sample size / weighting you're interested in.

LeBron looks highly impactful... but never quite near the top. He's fairly consistently ranked 6–8th. LeBron's inconsistency here hurts him a bit. He can have absolutely incredible impact in a one or two year stretch (16-17 LeBron's 3rd all time behind several Jordan stretches and 99-00 Robinson in 2-year full-season On/off with 10x playoff weighting), but his best stretches in on/off are often neighboring lower impact stretches in either the regular season and/or the playoffs... at least according to on/off.


Obviously we don’t have full RAPM data sets for Magic or Jordan, but how much do you value straight on/off vs RAPM? If we look at RAPM, there is zero doubt that LeBron I has been the most impactful player of the databall age by a substantial margin when looking at the breadth of impact, span of impact, as well of peak years. He basically lives at the top. I can imagine a scenario in which Magic Johnson or Michael Jordan has something similar to this breadth of impact dominance though it seems unlikely for this many years. Jokic is also having a run but even given all that it seems highly unlikely that anyone is clear ahead of James since he’s an outlier among outliers in the databall age. But Shaq and impact powerhouses Curry Duncan and KG aren’t in the same tier as James.

Cheema’s 5 year RAPM, 1997-2021

https://www.thespax.com/nba/quantifying-the-nbas-greatest-five-year-peaks-since-1997/

LeBron has the Highest 5 year RAPM in the 25 year dataset, 2 of the top 3 five year intervals, 3 of the top 4, 11 of the top 33.

LeBron has ELEVEN different 5 year intervals in which he had the highest RAPM.
KG has 4,
Duncan has 2,
Steph Curry has 2.

11 is an absurd amount and is a technical outlier.

Code: Select all

PLAYER    Interval      RAPM     Interval Rank       Overall Rank
LeBron James   2012-16   6.46            1                    1
LeBron James   2013-17   6.27            1                    2
LeBron James   2006-10   6.15            1                    4
LeBron James   2016-20   5.76            1                    11
LeBron James   2005-09   5.73            1                    13
LeBron James   2008-12   5.71            1                    14
LeBron James   2009-13   5.55            1                    22
LeBron James   2011-15   5.54            1                    23
LeBron James   2007-11   5.51            1                    26
LeBron James   2017-21   5.42            1                    29
LeBron James   2010-14   5.29            1                    33


Englemann’s xRAPM (newer version of his RPM)

https://xrapm.com

1 yr RAPM leaders

LeBron: 9 times (12 times top 2)
KG: 4 (5 times top 2)
Jokic: 4
Duncan: 3 (6 times top 2)
Shaq: 2 (3 times top 2)
Curry: 2 (5 times top 2)
CP3: 2 (5 times top 2)
Giannis: 1
Kawhi: 1 (tied in 2017 with LeBron)
DRob: 1
Jordan: 1 (2 times top 2)

All +9 seasons: 43% of 9+ seasons belong to James

2010 LeBron: +9.9
2011 LeBron: +9.6
2009 LeBron: +9.4
2025 Jokic, +9.4
2025 SGA, +9.2
2008 KG, +9.0
1997 Jordan, +9.0

All 8+ seasons: 37% of all 8+ seasons belong to James

2010 LeBron: +9.9
2011 LeBron: +9.6
2009 LeBron: +9.4
2025 Jokic, +9.4
2008 KG, +9.0
1997 Jordan, +9.0
2012 LeBron, +8.9
2013 LeBron, +8.7
2004 KG: +8.9
2024 Jokic, +8.6
2023 Jokic, +8.5
2016 LeBron, +8.3
2017 LeBron, +8.2
2017 Kawhi, +8.2
2016 Curry, +8.2
2015 CP3, +8.1
2003 Duncan, +8.0
2016 CP3, +8.0
2018 Curry, +8.0

[url]nbarapm.com[/url]

2 yr stretches leading in RAPM

LeBron 7 times
Garnett 3
Shaq 3
Jokic 3
Duncan 2
CP3 1
Curry 1
Jordan 1
Dirk 1
Embiid, 1
Stockton 1
Draymond 0
Wade 0
Kawhi 0
Durant 0
Giannis 0

3 yr

LeBron 7
Garnett 4
Curry 3
Jokic 2
Kawhi 2
Shaq 1
Jordan 1
Dirk 1
Stockton 2
CP3 0
Draymond 0
Wade 0

4 yr

LeBron 8
Garnett 4
Curry 3
Jokic 2
Jordan 1
Nash 1
Kawhi 1
Dirk 0
Shaq 0
CP3 0
Draymond 0
Wade 0
Stockton 2

5 yr

LeBron 9
Garnett 6
Curry 3
Jokic 1
Cp3 1
Jordan 1
Kawhi 1
Stockton 1
Shaq 0
Draymond 0
Wade 0

1st or 2nd in nbarapm.com

2 yr

LeBron 9
Shaq 6
Garnett 4
Duncan 3
Jokic 3
CP3 3
Curry 2
Jordan 2
Draymond 2
DWade 1
Nash 1
Kawhi 2
Dirk 2
Embiid 2
Giannis 1
Stockton 3

3 yr

LeBron 10
Garnett 6
Curry 4
Shaq 4
CP3 4
Jokic 2
Kawhi 2
Jordan 2
Dirk 2
Nash 1
Draymond 0
Wade 0
Embiid 2
Stockton 2

4 yr

LeBron 10
Garnett 8
Curry 5
Shaq 3 (all 2)
CP3 3
Jokic 2
Dirk 2
Jordan 1
Nash 1
Kawhi 1
Draymond 0
Wade 0
Giannis 2
Embiid 1
Stockton 2

5 yr

LeBron 11
Garnett 10
Curry 5
CP3 5
Jokic 2
Kawhi 2
Shaq 1
Jordan 1
Draymond 0
Giannis 2
Stockton 3
lessthanjake wrote:Kyrie was extremely impactful without LeBron, and basically had zero impact whatsoever if LeBron was on the court.

lessthanjake wrote: By playing in a way that prevents Kyrie from getting much impact, LeBron ensures that controlling for Kyrie has limited effect…
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#216 » by DraymondGold » Fri Aug 1, 2025 3:56 am

homecourtloss wrote:
DraymondGold wrote:I chose to focus on larger samples, since plus minus data's famously noisy. Primarily 5 years (a standard value for capturing long peaks / short primes), with some extra playoff weighting for context. I also include some 3-year values. Let me know if there's any other sample size / weighting you're interested in.

LeBron looks highly impactful... but never quite near the top. He's fairly consistently ranked 6–8th. LeBron's inconsistency here hurts him a bit. He can have absolutely incredible impact in a one or two year stretch (16-17 LeBron's 3rd all time behind several Jordan stretches and 99-00 Robinson in 2-year full-season On/off with 10x playoff weighting), but his best stretches in on/off are often neighboring lower impact stretches in either the regular season and/or the playoffs... at least according to on/off.


Obviously we don’t have full RAPM data sets for Magic or Jordan, but how much do you value straight on/off vs RAPM? If we look at RAPM, there is zero doubt that LeBron I has been the most impactful player of the databall age by a substantial margin when looking at the breadth of impact, span of impact, as well of peak years. He basically lives at the top. I can imagine a scenario in which Magic Johnson or Michael Jordan has something similar to this breadth of impact dominance though it seems unlikely for this many years. Jokic is also having a run but even given all that it seems highly unlikely that anyone is clear ahead of James since he’s an outlier among outliers in the databall age. But Shaq and impact powerhouses Curry Duncan and KG aren’t in the same tier as James.
Oh for sure. Most impact metrics are incredibly high on LeBron, and rightly so! I was genuinely surprised he ranked so low in on-off in these long-peak full season samples, so thought it was worth mentioning. I guess he’s high in short-peak samples, and presumably he goes back up the ranks as you start to look at prime and extended prime durations.

Personally, I definitely tend to rate RAPM higher than on-off. It’s considered a more accurate stat by basically every stats expert, and correcting for things like opponents and teammates when evaluating an individual player should have obvious benefits.

Indeed like you say basically every RAPM puts LeBron right near the top, if not at the top, including in 5-year samples. It’s interesting that’s not shown in the on-off. I wonder where the difference is coming from? Presumably if we looked at lineup specific plus minus data, we might be able to find some signal that drags his on-off down. Are some of LeBron’s teams playing relatively worse players or worse fitting players when he’s on, and relatively better players when he’s off, compared to other all time stars?

I still do think there’s value in on-off. It gives us another (albeit less context corrected) measure for a player’s wholistic impact. Plus it has a straightforward single definition (no changing hyper parameters and different versions like RAPM), which allows for more straightforward comparison across era to guys like Jordan or Magic or Robinson. Squared2020 hasn’t produced a single RAPM that spans from his historical data to the modern era yet — maybe someday. I’ll take what I can get.

In terms of high impact + longevity + playoff success/resilience, LeBron’s definitely pretty singular in the play by play era. Like you, I wouldn’t be surprised at all if Magic or Jordan were in the same Tier 1 of top impact players all-time (and indeed think we have sufficient data to say they probably are). I’m not as convinced as you are about a few of the other players - I think peak (healthy) Curry definitely gets in that top tier of impact, and think he has better impact signals than Jokic (who you rightly mention as another candidate). I haven’t compared regular season / peak KG with Jokic but it wouldn’t surprise me if KG got close to that tier too. There’s plenty of players that have arguments, and of course all the stats we have are imperfect, so we make do with what we can.
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#217 » by Shanghai Kid » Fri Aug 1, 2025 8:45 pm

So to sum everything up- MJ is the GOAT.

Gotta be a shot to the chest to those who want to downplay MJs actual on court impact/advanced stats so they can neatly push other narratives.
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Re: Compilation of Michael Jordan’s on-off data with the Bulls 

Post#218 » by 70sFan » Fri Aug 1, 2025 10:16 pm

Shanghai Kid wrote:So to sum everything up- MJ is the GOAT.

Yeah, after all these on-off data change his case against Russell completely. Bill no longer has any case because of that, at all...

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