Basketball is an urban sport and African Americans were a rural demographic. Until that changes in the 1950s the whole segregation argument is pretty weak. Do people really think that Jim Crow laws existed in the North East which is where basketball existed?
The anti-segregation narrative is false, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Fives. Black players were systemically excluded from playing basetball. It's more than likely that many of the players (prior to the merger) could have played in the NBA as evidenced by the relatively quick absorption of black players over the next few decades in spite of the racial barriers that existed.
"The Black Fives era ended in the late 1940s with the gradual integration of white professional basketball leagues, led by the National Basketball League. When the NBL merged with the all-white and racially segregated Basketball Association of America in 1949, they formed the National Basketball Association (NBA). In 1950 the NBA signed its first African American players. Early black players in the NBA experienced continual racism and racial tension from fans, teammates, opposing players, coaches, referees, and owners. However, they persevered and the situation gradually became easier as the league drafted more and more African Americans.
Nonetheless, even those who made the NBA after integration began were forced to be role players, concentrating on rebounding and defense. Black pros did not get a chance to showcase their talents in the league until the arrival of Bill Russell and Wilt Chamberlain."
Wow ... you don't think Bill Russell made a living (playing basketball)? He was very well paid. I don't know about where you'd find percentiles for US salaries but I dare say there weren't that many 6-digit salaries in the mid sixties.
We also have to keep in mind that players risk losing earnings to injury and many have to start different careers after they retire, so you can't just look at what they made over their careers compared to the average wage at that time (whereas today salaries are much higher to compensate for those risks).
I never said Russell didn't make a living playing basketball, I said salaries were much lower back then. The average player had significantly less incentive to play. Adjusted for inflation they were significantly lower back then. When Russell played salaries ranged from $6,000 (~$52,000 in 1956) to $20,000 ($141,000 in 1967) on average, http://www.apbr.org/apbr-faq.html. Today the median salary is around $2m (median is a better yardstick but I couldn't find that going back) and average is $4.1m. People estimate the average NBA player plays for 4.8 years, so using some crude math (and rounding it to 5), you're looking at ~$10m (median) to ~$20m (average) in earnings, without counting endorsements. For journeyman making the NBA is significantly more attractive today then it was and for superstars much more so.
THE NBA SALARY CAP/SALARY MINIMUM/AVERAGE SALARY
Season Salary Cap Team Minimum Avg Salary
1946-47 - None None $ 4,500
1956-57 - None None $ 6,000
1966-67 - None None $ 13,000
1967-68 - None None $ 20,000
1972-73 - None None $ 90,000
1976-77 - None None $ 130,000
1977-78 - None None $ 143,000
1979-80 - None None $ 173,000
1980-81 - None None $ 189,000
1981-82 - None None $ 218,000
1982-83 - None None $ 246,000
1983-84 - None None $ 275,000
1984-85 - $ 3,600,000 $ 2,900,000 $ 340,000
1985-86 - $ 4,233,000 $ 3,400,000 $ 395,000
1986-87 - $ 4,945,000 $ 4,000,000 $ 440,000
1987-88 - $ 6,164,000 $ 5,000,000 $ 510,000
1988-89 - $ 7,232,000 $ 5,900,000 $ 601,000
1989-90 - $ 9,802,000 $ 7,900,000 $ 748,000
1990-91 - $11,871,000 $ 9,610,000 $1,034,000
1991-92 - $12,500,000 $10,120,000 $1,202,000
1992-93 - $14,000,000 $11,340,000 $1,348,000
1993-94 - $15,100,000 $12,300,000 $1,558,000
1994-95 - $15,964,000 $12,880,000 $1,800,000
1995-96 - $23,000,000 $17,250,000 $2,100,000
1996-97 - $24,300,000 $18,225,000 ???
1997-98 - $26,900,000 $20,175,000 $2,350,000
1998-99 - $30,000,000 ??? $2,400,000
1999-00 - $34,000,000 ??? $2,947,000
2000-01 - $35,500,000 $4,200,000
2001-02 - $42,500,000 $4,500,000
2002-03 - $40,270,000 $4,546,000
2003-04 - $43,840,000 $4,917,000
2004-05 - $43,870,000 $3,864,241
2005-06 - $49,500,000 $4,037,899
2006-07 - $53,136,000












